When going into the forest, it is very easy to come across false boletus - mushrooms that are similar in appearance, some of which are poisonous. How to distinguish a useful mushroom from a harmful one without making a fatal mistake?
Features of collecting oil
First of all, it is worth deciding on the period of departure to the forest for mushrooms. Edible and useful boletus grows at regular intervals, while false ones appear throughout the summer-autumn period in a chaotic manner.
The first wave of the appearance of useful mushrooms occurs at the beginning of June. Early boletus grows in small clusters in pine forests. These representatives are characterized by small sizes, and such mushrooms are suitable only for making soups and main courses.
The second wave of honey agarics falls on the end of July. These are already full-sized mushrooms that have a pronounced taste and are endowed with a large amount of useful substances. They can not only be eaten immediately, but also salted for the winter. In the future, if it is a wet and moderately cold autumn, honey mushrooms can be found until the end of October and the appearance of the first frosts.
For later boletus, a bright chocolate hat is characteristic. They grow near clusters of both coniferous and deciduous trees, often at their roots. "Correct" boletus grows only in groups of 3-5 or more. Accordingly, another main feature is an oily to the touch and shiny-looking cap of the correct rounded shape. Otherwise, in order to recognize whether a mushroom is poisonous underfoot or useful, it is worth giving a few simple tips regarding the appearance of butter.
How to recognize false oil
False and poisonous counterparts of boletus - panther fly agaric. They have characteristic dark spots along the entire surface of the cap, which is characterized by a reddish or purple tint. It also has a darker and denser spongy layer underneath than that of a true fungus. In addition, the hats of harmful twins often have stripes that appear under the influence of sunlight.
Having ripped off the oil can, be sure to examine its inner surface. In harmful oils, it has a lamellar appearance, and in good ones, it is completely smooth. It is worth noting that under the cap of the oil there should be a light film, which just hides the inner surface behind it. You need to slightly pry it with a knife and look inside to make sure of the origin of the mushroom.
Panther fly agarics and grebes are able to grow separately, while boletus prefer to grow in small groups. The leg of poisonous mushrooms is purple or yellowish, while in real mushrooms it is white. To the touch, harmful mushrooms are usually very soft and friable, they can crumble, and after breaking off their appearance quickly and noticeably deteriorates. Useful butterflies are solid and solid to the touch, do not lose their shape even after a long time after breaking off. One way or another, if you are not sure of your knowledge, you should not tempt fate and it is better to go on a "quiet hunt" with experienced mushroom pickers.
